How Autumn Affects Our Bodies
As the autumn equinox arrives, typically around 22-23 September in the Northern Hemisphere, the shift from summer to autumn begins. This seasonal change not only impacts the environment but also influences our bodies in various ways, from mood changes to shifts in appetite. Here’s a look at how the equinox can affect us physically.
Disruption of Circadian Rhythms & Sleep
One of the most immediate effects of the autumn equinox is a shift in our circadian rhythms, the internal body clock that regulates sleep and wake cycles. As daylight hours shorten, our exposure to sunlight decreases, leading to an increase in melatonin production. This hormone is responsible for making us feel sleepy, often earlier than usual. Many people experience disrupted sleep patterns during this transition, which can make it harder to maintain consistent energy levels throughout the day. To counter the sleepiness often induced by the darker shorter days, you need to increase your production of the ‘opposite’ neurotransmitter: serotonin. This will help to boost your energy levels, and give you the motivation and energy to move and do more during the day. It will also help your moods and for some, alleviate depression. Here are some ways to help boost serotonin:
Mood Changes and Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
The reduction in sunlight can also have a profound effect on mood, primarily through its impact on serotonin levels. Sunlight helps regulate serotonin, a neurotransmitter associated with feelings of happiness and wellbeing. As daylight diminishes, serotonin levels can drop, potentially leading to Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), a type of depression that commonly occurs in autumn and winter. For those affected, this can lead to feelings of lethargy, sadness, and a general lack of motivation. Read this for some nutritional and natural solutions for SAD.
Immune System Changes
With the arrival of cooler weather, our immune system also undergoes adjustments. Less sunlight means lower vitamin D production, which is essential for maintaining immune function. This can leave people more vulnerable to colds and flu as autumn progresses. To compensate, many people turn to supplements or foods rich in vitamin D to boost their immunity.
Increased Appetite and Dietary Shifts
As temperatures drop, people often notice an increase in appetite, particularly for carbohydrates and high-calorie comfort foods. This may be an evolutionary response, as our bodies prepare for the colder months by storing more energy. This shift in eating habits, combined with lower levels of physical activity, can contribute to weight gain for some individuals.
Hormonal and Skin Changes
The seasonal transition can also affect our hormonal balance. For instance, the decrease in daylight can lead to higher levels of cortisol, the stress hormone, which may cause feelings of anxiety. Additionally, the cooler, drier weather can lead to dry skin and hair, requiring a shift in skincare routines to maintain hydration.
As we transition into autumn, understanding these physiological changes can help us better manage our health and wellbeing.
References
- Circadian rhythms: Neuroscience Letters study on seasonal changes in melatonin production.
- SAD and serotonin: Research published in JAMA Psychiatry.
- Immune system and vitamin D: Findings in Journal of Investigative Medicine.
- Cortisol fluctuations: Discussed in Psychoneuroendocrinology studies.
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